Untethered Jailbreak Works With iPhone 4 Running iOS 5.0.1

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Why the World May Be Running Out of Clean Water

A parched lake in Texas illustrates the effects of a record-breaking drought that hit the state and much of the American Southwest this year

Albert Cesare / The Odessa American / AP

Earlier this month, officials in the South Pacific island nation of Tuvalu had to confront a pretty dire problem: they were running out of water. Due to a severe and lasting drought, water reserves in this country of 11,000 people had dwindled to just a few days' worth. Climate change plays a role here: as sea levels rose, Tuvalu's groundwater became increasingly saline and undrinkable, leaving the island dependent on rainwater. But now a La Niña–influenced drought has severely curtailed rainfall, leaving Tuvalu dry as a bone. "This situation is bad," Pusinelli Laafai, Tuvalu's permanent secretary of home affairs, told the Associated Press earlier this month. "It's really bad."

So far Tuvalu has been bailed out by its neighbors Australia and New Zealand, which have donated rehydration packets and desalination equipment. But the archipelago's water woes are just beginning — and it's far from the only part of the world facing a big dry. Other island nations like the Maldives and Kiribati will see their groundwater spoil as sea levels rise. Texas, along with much of the American Southwest, is in the grip of a truly record-breaking drought — even after days of storms in the past month, Houston's total 2011 rainfall is still short of its yearly average by a whopping 2 ft., or 60 cm. Australia has experienced severely dry weather for so long, it's not even clear whether the country is in a state of drought, or more worryingly, a new and permanent dry climate that could forever alter life Down Under. "Climate-change impacts on water resources continue to appear in the form of growing influence on the severity and intensity of extreme events," says Peter Gleick, one of the foremost water experts in the U.S. and head of the Pacific Institute, an NGO based in Oakland, Calif., that focuses on global water issues. "Australia's recent extraordinary extreme drought should be an eye-opener for the rest of us." (See photos of the world's water crisis.)

Volume 7 of the Pacific Institute's regular report on global water usage, The World's Water, comes out today, just in time to address the squeeze of droughts, the increasingly apparent impact of climate change and the threats facing our relatively scarce supplies of freshwater. The sweeping report is a reminder that clean water is vital to life — as Gleick points out, more than 2 million people die each year from preventable water-related diseases — and that on the whole, we're not doing a very good job of husbanding that resource. There's even a risk here that parts of the U.S., especially the arid West, may have passed "peak water" — the point at which it becomes essentially impossible to increase supply.

Potential water shortages are one more reason to try to reduce carbon emissions and blunt the worst impacts of climate change — a warmer world is likely to further dry out already arid regions, even as extreme rainfall intensifies in already wet areas. But however severe the effects of climate change become, we're going to need to use water much more efficiently than we do now: the world's population is expected to pass the 7 billion mark by the end of this month, and more people will need more water. "New thinking about solutions and sustainable water planning and management, better data, case studies and efforts to raise awareness, are all needed," Gleick writes in The World's Water.(Read about radioactive water in Japan.)

Smarter water policy might mean rethinking other fields of resource use. Take, for example, natural gas drilling. Hydraulic fracturing has vastly increased American supplies of natural gas, which is good for gas companies and, because natural gas generally has a greener footprint, potentially good for the environment as well. But fracking requires a significant amount of water — up to 5 million gal. (19 million L) per well. That might not be a major problem in a relatively wet state like Pennsylvania, but in bone-dry states like Texas, water-intensive fracking has sparked a backlash. There's also the uncertain risk of water contamination from fracking and drilling, and the problem of water waste. "The rapid expansion of the use of hydraulic fracturing to increase natural gas production has serious potential consequences for local water resources," says Gleick. It's important that "more effort be put into both understanding the real risks and protecting water resources before pushing for accelerated programs of natural gas production."

What we need most of all is a rethink of how we deal with water and a recognition of just how valuable it is — especially in a warming world. That means focusing on modulating demand as much as increasing supply. Through most of the 20th century, governments dealt with water problems through massive construction projects designed to expand and regulate supply — think the Hoover Dam near Las Vegas or the Three Gorges Dam in China.

But the era of those big projects may be ending, largely because we've begun to recognize the environmental problems that come with major dams, including the loss of aquatic wildlife and the displacement of local populations. Last month Burma's military government — not ordinarily responsive to public opinion — canceled a planned $3.6 billion Chinese-backed hydroelectric dam that would have displaced thousands of villagers. Just as we've recognized that energy efficiency is often the fastest and cheapest way to address carbon emissions, there's much that can be done to curb water waste. We need to "adopt 21st century strategies of new forms of sustainable water supply, rethink water demand and efficiency of use, and [embrace] smart use of pricing and economics," says Gleick. The alternative could mean ending up like poor Tuvalu — high and dry.

Read about how people in Tucson, Ariz., are saving water.

See photos of the politics of water in Central Asia.

How To Jailbreak iPad 1 Running iOS 5 Using Redsn0w

How To Jailbreak iPad 1 Running iOS 5 Using Redsn0w

Apple released iOS 5 couple of days back, which includes more than 200 features for iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch users.

iPhone Dev team had released Redsn0w, which allows iPad 1 users to jailbreak iOS 5.

In this guide, we will take you through the step by step procedure to jailbreak iPad on iOS 5 using Redsn0w.

Here are some important points to note before you proceed.

This guide is meant for iPad 1. iPhone 4 and iPhone 3GS users can checkout this guide and we will publish the guide for iPod touch 3G and iPod touch 4g shortly.Please go through our latest status update on jailbreaking iOS 5 to figure out if you should jailbreak iOS 5.Redsn0w 0.9.9b5/Redsn0w 0.9.9b4 only supports a tethered jailbreak, which means that you need to connect your iOS device to the computer on every reboot.Redsn0w 0.9.9b5/Redsn0w 0.9.9b4 does not support iPad 2.Please note that jailbreaking your iPad may void your warranty and hence proceed with caution and at your own risk.Please do not forget to backup your iPad before you proceed. You can refer to this post for instructions on how to backup your iPad.If you've jailbroken your iPad then you can use jailbreak apps such as AptBackup, PkgBackup or xBackup from Cydia to take a backup of all the jailbreak apps and tweaks so you can reinstall them easily after successfully jailbreaking your iPad rather then installing them individually. However, since you're moving from iOS 4.x to iOS 5, it may be a good idea to reinstall the jailbreak apps to avoid compatibility issues.After the jailbreaking process is complete, do not forget to checkout our article on tips to keep your iPad secure.Please ensure you are running latest version of iTunes i.e. iTunes 10.5 or later.You can follow these step-by-step instructions to jailbreak your iPad 1:

Step 1: Download Redsn0w 0.9.9b4 for Windows from this link and Redsn0w 0.9.9b5 for Mac from this link and save the application in a folder named "Redsn0w" on your desktop.

Step 2: You need to download both the iOS 5 firmware file (use Firefox or Chrome to download the firmware file instead of using Internet Explorer or Safari):

iOS 5 firmware file for iPad 1 from this link (iPad1,1_5.0_9A334_Restore.ipsw)

Step 3: Double click the Redsn0w zip file and extract the application to the Redsn0w folder.

Step 4: Connect your iPad to the computer, which should automatically launch iTunes.

Skip steps 5 and 6, if your iPad has already been upgraded to iOS 5.

Step 5: From the 'Devices' section on the left pane of iTunes, select your iPad device. Now, hold down the Shift button (Option button for Mac users) and click the 'Restore' button.

Step 6: Navigate to the Redsn0w folder on the desktop and select the downloaded iOS 5 firmware file (iPad1,1_5.0_9A334_Restore.ipsw). Click on the 'Choose' button to let iTunes update your iPad with the required firmware. You will be asked to setup your iPad 1 either from a previous backup or setup as a new iPad, select the backup you want for your device (ideally should be the most recent one). Wait for iTunes to finish.

Step 7: Navigate back to the Redsn0w folder and launch the Redsn0w application.

Note:

Windows users will have to manually select the iOS 5 firmware file. After launching Redsn0w, click on Extras, then click on Select IPSW. Here select the iOS 5 firmware file (iPad1,1_5.0_9A334_Restore.ipsw) that you had downloaded in step 2. You need to do this just once. Mac users can skip this step as Dev team has added the public URLs to Redsn0w 0.9.9b5.

Windows 7 users should run the exe in Windows XP compatibility mode (right-click on the Redsn0w exe and select Properties, then select the Compatibility tab and select Run this program in compatibility mode for Windows XP). Windows XP and Windows 7 users should run Redsn0w as ‘Administrator’ (right-click on the Redsn0w exe and select 'Run as an Administrator').

Step 8: Click on the Jailbreak button.

Step 9: You will now be prompted to switch OFF your iPad and plug it to the computer. Follow the instructions and click on 'Next' to move to the next screen:

Step 10: You will now need to put your iPad into the DFU mode. Redsn0w will take you through the necessary steps:

(a) Hold the Power button on iPad down for 3 seconds:

(b) Now simultaneously hold the iPad and keep the two buttons pressed for 10 seconds:

(c) Now release the Power button while keeping the Home button pressed until Redsn0w detects the device:

Step 11: Your iPad should reboot now. Please remember to release the Home button.

Step 12: Redsn0w will now start preparing the jailbreak data.

Step 13: You will now be prompted to select the jailbreak options you would like. Make sure Cydia is selected and select 'Next' to continue.

Step 14: You iPad will be rebooted again and Redsn0w will now begin uploading the new RAM disk and kernel.

Step 15: You will now be notified once the jailbreaking process is complete. Click on the 'Finish' button to exit the application.

Step 16: Your iPad will reboot once again (which could take approximately 5 minutes). After it has rebooted, your iPad should be successfully jailbroken. You should find Cydia jailbreak app on your iPad’s home screen.

If you're new to the jailbreaking world and wondering what to do after jailbreaking your iPad, checkout our jailbreak apps category page to find out the apps you can install on your iPad using the Cydia app. Please note that some of the jailbreak apps and tweaks are still not compatible with iOS 5 so please be cautious while installing them.

Note: Once Redsn0w has finished jailbreaking your iPad, you will need to boot it tethered, which means that if you need to reboot your iPad it will be stuck on the Apple logo. All you need to do is rerun Redsn0w and this time click on Extras and then click on Just boot from the list of options and follow the on screen instructions to reboot your iPad.

Hope this helped. Please don't forget to let us know how it goes in the comments and drop us a line if you hit any issues.

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